Rat Terrier

Terrier Group Small (10-25 lbs)
Height 10-18"
Weight 10-25 lbs
Lifespan 12-18 years
Price $500-$1,500

About the Rat Terrier

The Rat Terrier is an American farm dog in a compact package: quick, wiry, and endlessly entertained by the world. Unlike some terriers, Ratties tend to be genuinely biddable — they were bred to work with farmers, not just for themselves — which makes them one of the easier terriers to train. Expect a dog that is playful and affectionate with family, often reserved for a beat with new people, and always ready to investigate a rustle in the grass. Prey drive is real; squirrels, mice, and dropped sandwiches are all fair game, and a fenced yard beats trusting recall around wildlife. They excel at barn hunt, agility, and trick training, and many are surprisingly cuddly once the day's business is done. Grooming could hardly be simpler: a short coat, weekly once-over, done — though they shed more than people expect. Sizes vary from small apartment-friendly dogs to sturdier miniature-farmhand builds. For an active household that wants big-dog personality with small-dog logistics and a sense of humor, the Rat Terrier is an easy dog to live with.

Temperament

Affectionate Great with Kids Dog-Friendly Playful Easy to Train
Affection Level
Good with Children
Good with Other Dogs
Playfulness
Protectiveness
Trainability
Energy Level
Barking Level
Intelligence
Adaptability

Physical Characteristics

Size Category Small (10-25 lbs)
Height 10-18"
Weight 10-25 lbs
Coat Type Smooth
Coat Length Short
Colors
Hypoallergenic No

Care Requirements

Exercise Needs

Moderate (30-60 min/day)

45 minutes per day recommended

Grooming

Moderate - Weekly

Shedding:

Mental Stimulation

Needs plenty of mental challenges

Drooling

Living Conditions

Apartment Friendly
Good for First-Time Owners
Tolerates Being Alone
Cold Weather Tolerance
Hot Weather Tolerance

Cost of Ownership

Purchase Price $500-$1,500
Annual Cost $1,000/year

Costs vary based on location, breeder, and individual needs. Annual costs include food, veterinary care, grooming, and supplies.

Health Considerations

Like all breeds, Rat Terriers may be prone to certain health conditions:

Regular veterinary check-ups and proper care can help prevent or manage many health issues.

Best For

  • Families with Children
  • Apartment Living
  • First-Time Owners
  • Active Owners

May Not Be Ideal For

  • Long Work Hours Away
  • Sedentary Lifestyles

Guides for your Rat Terrier

The story behind the Rat Terrier

The Rat Terrier emerged on American farms in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, blended from terriers brought by immigrants — Smooth Fox Terrier and Manchester Terrier types among them — with later additions such as Beagle, Whippet, and Italian Greyhound to tune speed, nose, and temperament for local conditions. These dogs earned their keep clearing rats from barns and hunting squirrels and other small game, and they were fixtures of rural life across the Midwest and South. The type persisted as a practical farm dog rather than a show breed for decades. Organized registries took the breed up in the late twentieth century, and the American Kennel Club granted full recognition in 2013.

Originally bred for: Vermin control, Farm ratting, Companion. You can trace how working roles shaped today’s breeds across our dog guides.

Feeding a Rat Terrier

A compact, hardy American farm dog that stays sound on decent small-breed food served twice daily. These terriers are enthusiastic beggars, so track extras carefully; an under-exercised Rat Terrier gains weight faster than most owners expect.

Watch for: Nothing distinctive is established for the breed. Individual dogs occasionally show itchy skin or ear irritation blamed on a protein source, but such cases are personal rather than typical. Elimination trials belong with a veterinarian.

Not sure what to put in the bowl? See our picks for the best dog food for small breeds.

Mealtime extras: training treats worth keeping in your pocket. Everything else lives in our dog nutrition and feeding hub.

Living with a Rat Terrier

Day to day, the basics matter most: how much exercise your dog needs, how often to get out for a walk, and how much sleep is normal.

For play and enrichment, browse our favorite dog toys and interactive toys for rainy days.

Gear that fits the breed makes life easier: a well-sized dog bed, a comfortable no-pull harness.

Raising a puppy? Work through crate training and the teething timeline — or see how old your dog is in human years with our dog age calculator.

Compare Rat Terrier with Other Breeds

Compare Breeds

vs