Bernese Mountain Dog

Working Group Large (50-100 lbs)
Height 23-28"
Weight 70-115 lbs
Lifespan 7-10 years
Price $1,500-$3,500

About the Bernese Mountain Dog

Size and sweetness together define the Berner, along with a shorter life expectancy that owners must accept before falling in love. This is a large, heavy, gentle Swiss farm dog, affectionate to the point of leaning its full weight against people, patient with children and generally sociable with other animals, though reserve with strangers is normal and confident temperament requires early socialisation. Sensitivity is marked: Berners are soft dogs who take harsh words to heart and respond best to encouragement, and household tension unsettles them. Energy is moderate rather than high. Daily walks, hikes in cool weather and light carting suit well, while heat is genuinely difficult for a black tricolour dog carrying this much coat, so exercise should be timed accordingly. Puppies grow fast and need care to avoid overloading developing joints. Grooming is a serious ongoing job, since the long thick double coat sheds heavily year-round with dramatic seasonal blows, needs brushing several times weekly, and collects everything outdoors. Drool is modest but present. Barking is deep and used moderately. Berners bond intensely and cope poorly with long absences, often becoming anxious. Families with time, space and cool climates suit them. Distinctively, the breed was bred to pull carts of milk and cheese to Swiss markets, and many still enjoy carting work today.

Temperament

Affectionate Great with Kids Dog-Friendly Playful Easy to Train
Affection Level
Good with Children
Good with Other Dogs
Playfulness
Protectiveness
Trainability
Energy Level
Barking Level
Intelligence
Adaptability

Physical Characteristics

Size Category Large (50-100 lbs)
Height 23-28"
Weight 70-115 lbs
Coat Type Double
Coat Length Long
Colors
Hypoallergenic No

Care Requirements

Exercise Needs

Moderate (30-60 min/day)

45 minutes per day recommended

Grooming

Regular - 2-3x/week

Shedding:

Mental Stimulation

Moderate mental stimulation needed

Drooling

Living Conditions

Apartment Friendly
Good for First-Time Owners
Tolerates Being Alone
Cold Weather Tolerance
Hot Weather Tolerance

Cost of Ownership

Purchase Price $1,500-$3,500
Annual Cost $1,800/year

Costs vary based on location, breeder, and individual needs. Annual costs include food, veterinary care, grooming, and supplies.

Health Considerations

Like all breeds, Bernese Mountain Dogs may be prone to certain health conditions:

Regular veterinary check-ups and proper care can help prevent or manage many health issues.

Best For

  • Families with Children
  • First-Time Owners

May Not Be Ideal For

  • Apartment Living
  • Long Work Hours Away

Guides for your Bernese Mountain Dog

The story behind the Bernese Mountain Dog

Farm dogs of this type worked the canton of Bern in Switzerland for centuries, one of four related tricolour mountain dog breeds used across alpine smallholdings. Their duties were general: driving cattle, guarding farmyards and pulling carts loaded with milk cans and cheese to market, work that demanded strength, steadiness and a calm manner around people. Numbers declined severely during the 1800s as farming changed and imported breeds spread. Swiss enthusiasts organising from the early 1900s gathered surviving dogs from the Durrbach valley region and established a breeding programme, with a club and standard following, and a documented outcross to a Newfoundland is credited with improving size and coat. The Bernese Mountain Dog spread internationally through the twentieth century and is now a popular companion rather than a working farm dog.

Originally bred for: Droving, Carting, Farm work, Guarding. You can trace how working roles shaped today’s breeds across our dog guides.

Feeding a Bernese Mountain Dog

Large-breed puppy food with controlled calcium and energy matters for a heavy fast-growing frame, and adults do best on a moderate-calorie diet that keeps weight off developing and ageing joints. The deep chest makes divided unhurried meals and quiet rest afterwards sensible practice.

Watch for: Deep-chested large breeds are among those where bloat-conscious feeding routines are routinely recommended, meaning smaller divided servings and calm around mealtimes. No specific ingredient pattern is established for the breed, though individuals react. Discuss diet changes and any digestive concern with a veterinarian.

Not sure what to put in the bowl? See our picks for the best dog food for large breeds.

Mealtime extras: training treats worth keeping in your pocket, and a slow feeder bowl if your dog inhales dinner. Everything else lives in our dog nutrition and feeding hub.

Living with a Bernese Mountain Dog

Day to day, the basics matter most: how much exercise your dog needs, how often to get out for a walk, and how much sleep is normal.

For play and enrichment, browse chew toys built for strong jaws and interactive toys for rainy days.

Gear that fits the breed makes life easier: a well-sized dog bed, a properly sized crate.

Raising a puppy? Work through crate training and the teething timeline — or see how old your dog is in human years with our dog age calculator.

Compare Bernese Mountain Dog with Other Breeds

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