American Water Spaniel

Sporting Group Medium (25-50 lbs)
Height 15-18"
Weight 25-45 lbs
Lifespan 10-14 years
Price $800-$1,500

About the American Water Spaniel

Rare enough that most people have never met one, the American Water Spaniel is a compact curly-coated gundog with a personality considerably larger than its size. Wisconsin market and sport hunters wanted a dog small enough to sit in a skiff yet capable of retrieving from cold water and pushing through thick cover, and the result is versatile, tough and closely bonded to its handler. Expect intelligence paired with an independent streak and real sensitivity; harsh handling produces sulking rather than compliance, while praise and interesting work produce eagerness. Energy is genuinely high. Daily vigorous exercise, ideally including swimming or retrieving, is not negotiable, and an under-worked individual may bark, whine or chew. The breed is friendly with family and reserved with strangers, and some individuals lean toward nuisance vocalising or possessiveness without early guidance. Grooming means a dense curly or wavy double coat that repels water, sheds moderately, needs weekly brushing and can hold a distinctly oily scent some owners never quite learn to love. Ears want drying and checking after every swim. Long stretches alone go badly, and many attach very closely to one person. Active households with access to water and an appetite for training suit them. Distinctively, this is one of very few breeds developed entirely within the United States to solve a specific regional hunting problem, and it serves as the state dog of Wisconsin.

Temperament

Affectionate Great with Kids Playful Easy to Train Highly Intelligent
Affection Level
Good with Children
Good with Other Dogs
Playfulness
Protectiveness
Trainability
Energy Level
Barking Level
Intelligence
Adaptability

Physical Characteristics

Size Category Medium (25-50 lbs)
Height 15-18"
Weight 25-45 lbs
Coat Type Curly
Coat Length Medium
Colors
Hypoallergenic No

Care Requirements

Exercise Needs

High (60-90 min/day)

60 minutes per day recommended

Grooming

Moderate - Weekly

Shedding:

Mental Stimulation

Needs plenty of mental challenges

Drooling

Living Conditions

Apartment Friendly
Good for First-Time Owners
Tolerates Being Alone
Cold Weather Tolerance
Hot Weather Tolerance

Cost of Ownership

Purchase Price $800-$1,500
Annual Cost $1,200/year

Costs vary based on location, breeder, and individual needs. Annual costs include food, veterinary care, grooming, and supplies.

Health Considerations

Like all breeds, American Water Spaniels may be prone to certain health conditions:

Regular veterinary check-ups and proper care can help prevent or manage many health issues.

Best For

  • Families with Children
  • Active Owners

May Not Be Ideal For

  • Sedentary Lifestyles

Guides for your American Water Spaniel

The story behind the American Water Spaniel

The American Water Spaniel was developed in the Great Lakes region, particularly the Fox River valley of Wisconsin, during the 1800s. Hunters needed a versatile retriever small enough to work from a canoe or skiff without unbalancing it, hardy enough for cold water and able to flush as well as retrieve upland birds and waterfowl. Irish Water Spaniel, Curly-Coated Retriever and various field spaniel types are commonly cited among its ancestors, though the records are incomplete. A local veterinarian is credited with promoting and standardising the breed in the early 1900s, and registry recognition followed during the 1920s and 1930s. Numbers have always been modest, and it remains rare, kept mainly by hunting families in the upper Midwest and a small circle of enthusiasts elsewhere.

Originally bred for: Retrieving, Flushing, Hunting. You can trace how working roles shaped today’s breeds across our dog guides.

Feeding a American Water Spaniel

Cold-water retrieving burns fuel quickly, so a quality food with dependable fat and protein supports working dogs, with intake reduced through quieter months to prevent creeping weight. Ribs should stay easy to find beneath that dense coat, where extra condition hides remarkably well.

Watch for: Curly-coated water breeds often express food reactions through skin and ears, and dense coats combined with frequent swimming make ear inflammation a recurring theme worth separating from diet. No specific ingredient pattern is established. Consult a veterinarian before trialling restricted foods.

Mealtime extras: training treats worth keeping in your pocket. Everything else lives in our dog nutrition and feeding hub.

Living with a American Water Spaniel

Day to day, the basics matter most: how much exercise your dog needs, how often to get out for a walk, and how much sleep is normal.

For play and enrichment, browse our favorite dog toys and interactive toys for rainy days.

Gear that fits the breed makes life easier: a well-sized dog bed, a properly sized crate.

Raising a puppy? Work through crate training and the teething timeline — or see how old your dog is in human years with our dog age calculator.

Compare American Water Spaniel with Other Breeds

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