A subspecies of the Hog Deer, the Calamian Deer (Axis calamianensis) evolved into its own species on the Calamian islands. Today, both animals are very similar in appearance and behavior.
The main differences between the Hog Deer and the Calamian are that the Axis calamianensis has a smaller and shorter head. Calamians also have a white patch of fur on the underside of its throat and chin.
Where Do Calamian Deer Live?
This deer species lives on the Calamian Islands of the western Philippines.
During the Pliocene era, Indian Hog Deer were introduced to the islands by man. These introduced deer herds developed over time into the modern Calamian Deer.
The largest populations of the deer occur on the islands of Busuanga and Culion. However populations are small. Today only 500 animals remain in the wild herds.
This species of deer has struggled because of a loss of their natural habitat. Over-hunting has also posed a threat to the species. Today they are listed as endangered by the I.U.C.N.
Axis calamianensis Habitat
These deer inhabit open forested areas, and have a preference for swampy areas close to rivers or marshes.
Reproduction & Behavior
In lifestyle they are very similar to the hog deer in that they can breed throughout the year, rather than at a distinct time as many other deer do.
A single calf is born after an 8 month long gestation period. The young become independent from the Calamian does at about a year of age.
This species of deer is solitary, although sometimes small groups of deer will sometimes gather for short periods of time.
This species of deer are mostly active in the early mornings and late evenings, and rest during the greater part of the day.